The IPO principle

Every information processing system works according to the IPO principle (input, processing, output). Data must first be input. Then it is processed and finally the corresponding output results:

 

 

 

In every automobile there are numerous such information processing systems- the control units. They have the following design:

The sensors collect current process data. This can be analogue data (e.g. temperature probe), digital data (e.g. door switch) or frequencies (e.g. wheel speed sensor). The control unit is designed so that it can evaluate this data. If necessary it initiates an adjustment of the attached actuators based on the input data. The actuator system receives digital (e.g. lamps) or analogue (e.g. servomotor) control commands.